{"id":3997,"date":"2025-12-09T02:53:57","date_gmt":"2025-12-09T02:53:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/drbarrietan.com\/central-sleep-apnea-vs-obstructive-sleep-apnea\/"},"modified":"2026-10-10T07:55:35","modified_gmt":"2026-10-10T07:55:35","slug":"central-sleep-apnea-vs-obstructive-sleep-apnea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drbarrietan.com\/id\/central-sleep-apnea-vs-obstructive-sleep-apnea\/","title":{"rendered":"Central Sleep Apnea vs Obstructive Sleep Apnea"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Perbedaan utama antara central sleep apnea dan obstructive sleep apnea adalah apa yang mengganggu pernapasan normal. Pada Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) atau Gangguan Tidur Apnea Obstruktif, saluran napas tersumbat meskipun ada upaya bernapas (respiratory effort) yang terus berlanjut. Pada Central Sleep Apnea (CSA) atau Gangguan Tidur Apnea Sentral, otak tidak secara konsisten memberi sinyal pada otot-otot yang mengontrol pernapasan. <\/p>\n\n

Obstructive sleep apnea<\/strong><\/a> occurs when throat muscles relax and tissues around the soft palate, tongue base or epiglottis narrow or block the upper airway during sleep. This can cause loud snoring or gasping. OSA is a common sleep disorder and is more frequent than central sleep apnea.<\/p>\n\n

Central sleep apnea<\/strong><\/a> occurs when signals from the central nervous system that regulate breathing are disrupted. During a central apnea, airflow and breathing effort stop, rather than airflow stopping because the throat is blocked.<\/p>\n\n

Gejala sleep apnea saja tidak dapat membedakan gangguan tidur ini secara andal. Keduanya adalah bentuk dari gangguan pernapasan saat tidur. Studi tidur (sleep study) mengukur pola pernapasan untuk mengidentifikasi jenisnya dan memandu pengobatan. <\/p>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
Fitur<\/strong><\/td>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)<\/strong><\/td>Central sleep apnea (CSA)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Masalah utama<\/td>Saluran napas atas menyempit atau kolaps.<\/td>Sinyal pernapasan terganggu.<\/td><\/tr>
Upaya selama apnea<\/td>Otot pernapasan terus mencoba menarik udara masuk.<\/td>Upaya bernapas tidak ada selama jeda tersebut.<\/td><\/tr>
Gejala yang mungkin terjadi<\/td>Mendengkur, tersedak, tidur terputus-putus, dan rasa kantuk di siang hari.<\/td>Jeda pernapasan, terbangun dengan sesak napas, dan rasa kantuk di siang hari. Mendengkur mungkin saja terjadi. <\/td><\/tr>
Tes tidur<\/td>Tes di rumah untuk orang dewasa tertentu, atau polisomnografi di laboratorium.<\/td>Polysomnography di laboratorium umumnya lebih disukai.<\/td><\/tr>
Fokus pengobatan<\/td>Menjaga saluran napas tetap terbuka dengan CPAP, alat oral, atau operasi tertentu.<\/td>Menangani penyebabnya dan memberikan dukungan pernapasan yang sesuai.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n
<\/div>\n\n

Penyebab dan Faktor Risiko<\/h2>\n\n

Penyebab dan faktor risiko sleep apnea tergantung pada jenis gangguan tidur.<\/p>\n\n

Obstructive sleep apnea biasanya dikaitkan dengan kelebihan berat badan, lingkar leher yang besar, dan faktor risiko anatomis yang berkontribusi pada penyumbatan saluran napas atas. Kondisi ini juga dapat terjadi pada orang yang tidak kelebihan berat badan. Tekanan darah tinggi dan diabetes Tipe 2 sering kali menyertai OSA. <\/p>\n\n

Central sleep apnea sering dikaitkan dengan gagal jantung kongestif, stroke, obat-obatan opioid, atau berada di ketinggian. Terkadang orang mengalami central sleep apnea tanpa penyebab yang dapat diidentifikasi. Usia lanjut dan jenis kelamin laki-laki merupakan faktor risiko untuk kedua jenis tersebut, namun riwayat keluarga, merokok, dan penggunaan alkohol lebih sering dibahas dalam kaitannya dengan OSA. <\/p>\n\n

Untuk OSA, mengambil langkah-langkah untuk menurunkan berat badan jika Anda kelebihan berat badan dan menghindari alkohol sebelum tidur dapat membantu. Tidur miring dapat mengurangi penyumbatan jika pernapasan memburuk saat Anda tidur telentang. Langkah-langkah ini tidak mengatasi penyebab mendasar dari central sleep apnea. <\/p>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\"Penyebab<\/figure>\n\n
<\/div>\n\n

Apa gejalanya?<\/h2>\n\n

Gejala dari kedua jenis ini meliputi gangguan pernapasan, tidur yang terputus-putus, sakit kepala di pagi hari, dan rasa kantuk yang berlebihan di siang hari. Orang dengan obstructive sleep apnea sering mendengkur keras, tersedak atau terengah-engah di malam hari dan terbangun dengan mulut kering. Pasangan mungkin menyaksikan jeda napas yang diakhiri dengan suara mendengus. Gejala central sleep apnea mungkin termasuk terbangun dengan sesak napas atau kesulitan untuk tetap tidur. Mendengkur juga bisa terjadi pada CSA, sehingga ada atau tidaknya suara tidak menentukan diagnosis. Efek lainnya saling tumpang tindih dan meliputi kelelahan di siang hari, berkurangnya fokus, lekas marah, dan suasana hati yang buruk. <\/p>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n

Kapan Harus Menemui Spesialis THT<\/h2>\n\n

See an ENT specialist if you snore<\/a>, stop breathing during sleep, or have nasal congestion or a crowded throat.<\/p>\n\n

Anda juga harus melakukan evaluasi jika memiliki tekanan darah tinggi yang sulit dikontrol, fibrilasi atrium, diabetes Tipe 2, atau rasa kantuk yang memengaruhi aktivitas menyetir dan bekerja. Jangan menyetir saat mengantuk. Dr Barrie Tan dapat memeriksa saluran napas atas Anda dan mengoordinasikan tes tidur yang sesuai. Kecurigaan terhadap central sleep apnea mungkin juga memerlukan penilaian oleh dokter spesialis kedokteran tidur dan, tergantung pada penyebabnya, dokter spesialis jantung atau ahli saraf. <\/p>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\"apnea<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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